2002 Ap Euro Dbq: Manchester

The Effects of industrial enterprise on Manchester, England 1750-1850 England in the 18th and nineteenth centuries changed dramatically as a result of the industrial Revolution, which had many effects on the complaisant structure of England and increased the gap betwixt the rich and the light. Because of this, industrialized incline towns such(prenominal)(prenominal) as Manchester were both criticized and admired by poets, politicians, journalists, and outsiders, who were particularly from France. The around powerful points of take in were from supporters of industrialisation, those who impertinent industrial enterprise, journalists, and outsiders.Supporters of the industrialization of Manchester were typically British politicians or businessmen, impressed by the ramp up and production of Manchester. One of these was Englishman W. H. Thomson, writer of write up of Manchester to 1852. Thomson provides a interpret that shows the ontogeny of Manchester over a period of on e c years in which in alter from a small town into a robust industrial urban center with railroads and canals. This map shows how industrialization leads to rapid population growth and expansion, making Thomson an obvious supporter of industrialization. some other supporter of industrialization was Englishman Thomas B. Macaulay, a liberal member of parliament and a historian. In his essay, Southeys Colloquies, Macaulay praises industrialization and Manchester for producing riches for the nation, which in turn would improve the smell of life for the heart socio-economic class and peasantry. A final supporter of industrialization was cyclist and Co. , which praises the industrious spirit of Manchester in the prolusion to an 1852 business directory, shortly after Manchester was given(p) a royal charter as a city.The authors owe the fruits of the citys labor to its energetic exertions and enterprising spirit, which is an surreal description of the motivations of the ca-cain gs class, and the preface was seeming propaganda, being in association with the Crown. The supporters of industrialization were the ones becoming richer by it. They were separated from the working class and did not understand their plight. Those who contrasted the industrialization of Manchester were more concerned with the public assistance of those affected by it.These were poets, women, socialists, and wellness reformers who were ghastly by the living and working conditions of the middle class and the peasantry. One dissenter was Robert Southey, an English Romantic poet and author of Colloquies on the attainment and Prospects of Society in 1829. Being a Romantic poet, Southey laments on the industrialization of the city and describes it as a miserable regulate where the buildings which are without their antiquity, without their beauty, without their holiness, and where, when the bell rings, it is to call the wretches to their work instead of their prayers. Another protest er is Frances Anne Kemble, an actress, poet, and dramatist, who, in her account of a journey of the Liverpool and Manchester railroad track in 1830, depicts a protest by the disgruntled working class over Corn Laws, which were tariffs on imported grain. In her depiction, the protesters scorn the triumphs of machinery and the gain and glory which blind drunk Manchester men were likely to derive from it. This is a very Romantic depiction, as the protesters are breaking free from their bonds to choose acquaintance over wealth.A final protester was Edwin Chadwick a public health reformer, who, in his Report of the Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring race of Great Britain, argued that the cramped conditions, unsanitary practices, and vent pollution of Manchester greatly lower the just lifespan of its citizens, and that more lives are disoriented due to unsanitary conditions in industrial cities than in modern wars. Journalists reporting on life in Manchester were sometimes in up grade of industrialization, only if some opposed it.One journal in favor of the industrialization of Manchester featured an article by William Alexander Abram, a journalist and historian, in 1868. Abram claimed that conditions had increased dramatically since the early Industrial Era through law reform. A journal that was opposed to the industrialization of Manchester was the lancet, a British medical journal founded and emended by Thomas Wakley. In 1843, The Lancet published a chart displaying the intermediate age of death in quaternity districts, two of which were industrial and two of which were rural.The average out age of death in the industrial districts was far recenter, but was especially young in Manchester, showing that Manchester was indeed the unhealthiest of industrial cities. A final journal that protested the industrialization of Manchester was The natural, a magazine that dealt with social issues. The Graphic published a picture of a view from Blackfriars Bri dge over the river Irwell in the 1870s. The picture was a very stinking depiction of Manchester, showing smokestacks that blotted out the cast out with lack plumes of smoke and waste move directly into the river Irwell, both of which caused tremendous health issues for the people of Manchester. Outsiders who visited Manchester in the nineteenth carbon were often disgusted by the monochromatic, unsanitary, and good lifestyle of the laboring class of Manchester. These were typically French socialists who spoke out against the ill-treatment of the poor by the rich. One such Frenchman was Alexis de Tocqueville, author of Journeys to England and Ireland in 1835.De Tocqueville, a socialist, tells us that the city of Manchester is based on the successes of individuals and the captivity of others, rather than the success of society as a whole. Another French collectivised opposed to the industrialization of Manchester is Flora Tristan, a womens rights advocate, who published her jour nal in 1842. The fact that it is her private journal makes it the most credible source to the opposition of industrialization because she is merely reflecting and not attempting to sway anyones mind. Tristan describes the working class of Manchester as hurl and emaciated, and ends her entry with this lamentation O godCan progress be bought precisely at the cost of mens lives? The industrialization of Manchester in the 18th and 19th centuries created wealth for the rich, but conditions for the laboring class worsened, and the gap between rich and poor increased. Many poets, socialists, and health reformers criticized the industrialization of Manchester, but politicians and business praised the industrious spirit of the city that filled their pockets. All of these feelings led to the revolutions of the 19th century and the rise of socialism and communism.